Magneto



3 SHEETS-SHEET 1- Patented May 30, 1922.

A. c. KLECKNERL 1 I MAGNETO. APPLICATION FILED JAN- 3.1921.

A. C. KEECKNER.

MAGNETO.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 3. 1921.

1,417,74 Patented 30,1922.

3 SHEE A. C. KLECKNER.

MAGNET-0.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 3, 1921.

1,417,746. I Patented May 30,1922.

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' ARTHUR C. KLECKNER, OF RACINE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR To WEBSTER. ELECTRI COMPANY, OF RACINE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WIS CONSIN.

MAGNETO.

Specification of Letters Paten t. Patented May '30, 1922 A Application filed January 3, 1921. "Serial No. 434,559.

Be it known that I, ARTHUR C. KLncKNnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Racine, in the county of Racine and State of WVisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magnetos, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to magnetos. and more particularly to ignition magnetos of the inductortype. Among its objects my invention contemplates the provision of a magneto that is sturdy in its construction, that comprises a minimum number of parts,

that is capable of being cheaply manufactured and that is very efficient, both magnetically and electrically.

the invention will hereinafter appear.

- In attaining the objects of my invention, I provide a novel arrangement and combination of parts, which"co-operate to carry into effect what I regard as a new theory or principle of magneto operation,

which will be most clearly understood from a detailed description read in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a magneto embodying the improvements of my present invention;

Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 22 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view illustrating the rotor element in its cocked position;

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line fr-4 of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional View taken on line 5-5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is an isolated elevational view of a unit which comprises the three legs of the trifurcated core structure of the magneto;

Figure 7 is a top plan view of the, unit shown in Figure 6; and

. Figure 8 is .a fragmentary vertical sectional view similar to Figure 3, .but illustrating the rotor at the position occupied thereby when it reaches the end of its recoil movement. 7

Similar characters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several views. The particular embodiment of myinven- Other objects of soft iron laminae which are secured together by a plurality of rivets 1010 and are clamped in position between the'non-magnetic side plates 11 and 12. The lower portions of plates 11 and 12.,are drawn toward each other and are held tightly in engagement with the pole pieces by screws 1313, which extend through registering apertures in the side plates and pole p ece laminae. Each of the pole pieces 8 and 9 s provided with an arcuate polar face which 1s concentric with the axis of the rotor structure presently to be described. Side plates 11 and 12 are conveniently provided with bosses 1414 carrying studs Fl -14, Y which constitute means for attaching the magneto to a bracket or other support in a well-known manner.

Each of the side plates 11'and-12 is conformed to provide a vertically elongated recess 15 in its inner face, and is likewise provided with an inwardly projecting bearing 16. Bearings 16-16 are disposed with their axes aligned and at right angles to. a straight line between the poles of magnet 7.

The trifurcated core structure comprises three principal parts; namely, legs A, B, and C, and the crossbar D, which when the several parts are assembled in operative position lies against, and is heldfirmly in magnetic contact with, the upper ends of {)0 legs A, B, and C. The lower extremities of legs A, Band C are provided with arcuate faces concentric with the faces of pole. pieces 8 and 9.

Each of the core structure legs A, B and C consists of a plurality of soft iron laminae which are secured to, and carried as a unit with, nonmagnetic plates 17'17 by means of rivets 18-18. The unit comprising plates 17-17 and core legs A, B and C is held in position by screws 19-19, which pass through side platesll and 12 and have threaded engagement with apertures 20-20 in the said nonmagnetic plates 17 -17 The only wound leg of the core structure is the middle leg B, which is provided with a coil or winding 21, one end of which is grounded to the core structure in a wellkiiown manner flange 24 which is carried on the under face of the top plate 25. Screws 26-26, carried by top plate 25, press against crossbar D and hold the same tightly in magnetic contact with the upper ends of the core structure legs A, B and C. Top plate 25 IS in turn secured'to the side plates 11 and 12 by a plurality of screws 27-27.

The rotor structure comprises a nonmagnetic block 28, into which trunnions 29 and 30 are threaded and pinned as is most clearly illustrated in Figure 4. Nonmagnetic block 28 is provided with angularly related grooves, which are" arranged to receive the inductor elements E and F, each of which consists of a plurality of soft iron laminae held in proper relation to each other and to block 28 by rivets 31-31. Each of the inductor elements is provided with convex faces at its extremities arranged to cooperate with the concave faces of the pole pieces and core illustrated in Figures 3 and 8.

The magneto shown being of the oscillating type, the trunnion 29 is provided with the yoke 32, which is held rigidly on the trunnion by a key and nut, as shown. The yokeis provided with oppositely disposed arms carrying the usual rollers, which cooperate with the inner ends of the operating springs 33-33. The outer ends of the operating springs. co-operate with rolls carried by roller posts 34-34, which are formed integral with, and project laterally from, extensions 35-35 of side plate 11. Rotor trunnion 30 is provided with a push finger 36, which is held rigidly thereon by a pin andnut, as is clearly shown in Figure 4. Push finger 36 is, of course, arranged and adapted to be engaged, moved against the tension of operating springs 33-33, and released, by a push rod or other engine driven actuator (not shown) in a manner wellknown to persons familiar with the construction and operation of oscillating ignition ma netos.

P igure 3 illustrates the rotor in the position which it .occuples after it has been cocked against'the tension of operating springs 33-33, and is about to be released by the engine driven actuator which co-operates with push finger 36. In this position the magnetic circuit is traced from pole iece 8 through inductor element E to the ower extremity of core structure leg B,

structure legs as is clearlyters Patent of the United States is:

thence through leg B and across bar D to leg A, thence through leg A to inductor element F, through inductor element F to pole piece 9, and thence around the magnet to pole piece 8. When the rotor is released by the engine driven actuator, and is snapped to the position shown in Figure 8, the direction of the flux traversing the coil carried by leg B is reversed, the magnetic circuit now being traced from pole piece 8 to inductor element E, thence up through core structure leg C, thence across bar D to coil carrying leg B, thence downwardly through leg B, thence through inductor element F to pole piece 9, and thence around the magnet to polepiece. 8. It will be seen that the flux is traversing the coil carrying leg B in an upward direction when the rotor is cocked and in a downward direction when the rotor is at the end of its recoil movement. The peak of the wave of current created in coil 21, due to there'versal of flux through core leg B, is attained when inductor element Eis just leaving leg B, and inductor element F is just approaching leg B. At this instant the rate of flux change through leg B is at its maximum.'

It will be noted that the construction and arrangement of parts hereinbefore described enables me by a comparatively slight angular movement of the rotor, to secure a complete reversal of flux through the coil carrying portion of the core structure, which is of course of reat advantage, in that it makes it possible to secure a large output 10 of electrical energy from a magneto em; bodying a minimum of magnet steel in its construction. The machine shown comprises a single coil which is placed in a very accessible position and is removable for inspection, repair or replacement. Other advantages of the structure illustrated will suggest themselves to persons familiar with the art to which my invention relates. lVhile for the )urpose of illustration I have chosen to illustrate my invention as it may be incorporated in a low tension magneto of the oscillating type, it is to be understood that the novel features of the device of my invention are just as applicable to high tension magnetos as they are to those of the low tension type. Furthermore, some at least of the salient features of the machine shown will be found to be of decided advantagewhen incorporated in either high or low tension magnetos of the rotary inductor type.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is new and desire to secure by Let- 1. In a magneto, a substantially E-shaped core structure, a winding on the middle leg of the core structure, a magnet, and inductor means adapted when in one position to establish a low reluctance path for fiux between one of the magnet poles and the wound core leg, and between the other magnet pole and a first one of the unwound core legs, said inductor means adapted when 1n of the core structure, a magnet, and a rotor element comprising a pair of inductor elements, each inductor element adapted when in one position to establish ta low reluctance path for flux between one pole of the magnetand the middle leg of the core structure, and when in another position to establish a -low reluctance path for flu: between the same pole'and an unwound core leg, said inductor elements beingso related to each other and to the magnet and core structure that when either ofsaid inductor elements co-operates with the middle leg of the core J structure and one pole of the magnet, the

' other inductor co-operates with the other magnet pole and an unwound leg of the core structure.

3. In a magneto, a magnet provided with pole pieces, a, substantially E-shaped core structure, a generating winding on the middle leg of said core structure, and a rotor comprising inductors which, when the rotor is in one position, establish a flux path through the wound leg of said core and one of the unwound legs, .and which, when the rotor is in another position, establish a flux path through the wound core leg and the other unwound core leg, the direction of flux flow through the wound core leg being in different-directions under the two conditions stated.

4:. In a magneto, a magnet, a substantially E-shaped corestructure, a winding on the middle leg of the core structure, and a rotor provided with a pair of inductor elements, a first one of the inductor elements adapted, when the rotor is in one position, to establish a low reluctance path for flux between the north pole of the magnet and the middle leg of the core structure while the other inductor element is establishing a similar path for flux between the south pole of the magnet and a first one of the outside legs of the core structure, said first inductor element also adapted, when the rotor is in another position, to establish a low reluctance path for flux between the north pole of the magnet, and the second outside leg of the core structure, at which time the second inductor element is establishing a similar path for flux between the south pole of the magnet and the middle leg of the core'structure,

5.'In a device of the class described, an

E-shapedcore structure of magnetic mate-'- furcated core structure, a winding on the middle leg of the core structure, and a rotor comprising a pair of inductor elements, one of said inductor elements adapted, when the rotor is operated, alternately to connect the middle core leg and one of the outside core legs with one pole of the magnet, the other inductor element operating in synchronism with the first,'alternately to connect the other outside core leg and the middle core leg with the other magnet pole.

7. In a magneto, a magnet, a generating winding, a trifurcated core structure upon the middle leg of which the generating winding is carried, and a pair of inductor elements arrantged when operated to reverse the direction 0 fiuxthrough the winding by first connecting one magnet pole with the extremity of the middle leg of the core structure,andsimultaneouslyiconnecting one of the outer legs of the core structure with the opposite magnet pole, and then connecting the last-mentioned magnet pole with the extremity of. the middle leg of the core structure, and simultaneously connecting the firstmentioned magnet pole withrthe other outside leg of the core structure.

8. In a magneto of the oscillating type, a magnet provided with pole pieces, a trifurcated core structure, a generating winding on the middle leg of the core structure, and a rotor provided with a pair of inductor elements, each of which co-operates with one of the pole pieces during both the cooking and recoil movements of the rotor, one inductor adapted to co-operate with the middle leg of the core structure when the rotor is cocked, and on the recoil of the rotor to co-operate with a first one'of the outside legs of the core structure, the other ginductor element arranged to co-operate with the second outside leg of the'core structure when the rotor is cooked and on the recoil to co-operate with the middle leg of the core structure.

9. In a magneto ofthe oscillating type, the combination with a permanent magnet, a trifurcated core structure, a winding on the middle leg of the trifurcated core structure, and a rotor provided with a pair of inductor elements, one of said inductor elements adapted, when the rotor is cooked, to estabw llsh a low reluctance path for flux between a first pole of the magnet and the middle leg of the core -structure, and on the recoil to establish a similar path for flux between the same magnet pole and a first one of the outside core structure legs, the other inductor element adapted, when the'rotor is cocked, to establish a low reluctance path for flux between the other outer leg of the core structure and the second pole of the magnet, and on the recoil of the rotor to establish a similar path for flux between the same magnet pole and the middle leg of the core structure.

10. A magneto of the oscillating type comprising a horseshoe magnet provided with oppositely disposed pole pieces, a rotor.

operating between the pole pieces, said rotor provided with a pair of inductor elements each of which is adapted to co-operate with the same pole piece during the cocking and recoil movements of the rotor, a trifurcated core structure disposed between the magnet poles and above the rotor, a winding on said core structure, one inductor element 00- operating with the middle leg of the core structure when the rotor is cooked, and the other co-operating with a first one of the outside legs when the' rotor is cocked, the first inductor element being carried into cooperating relation with the other outsideleg of the core structure, and the second inductor element being carried into co-operating relation with the middle leg of the core structure, when the rotor is recoiled.

' 11. A magneto comprisin a ma et, pole pieces for the magnet provi ed wit concave 35 polar faces, a trifurcated core structure, the legs of which are provided with concave extremities concentnc with the concave faces of the pole pieces, and a rotor, comprising a pair of inductor elements having extremities adapted to co-operate with the concave faces of the pole pieces and core structure legs.

, 12. A magneto comprising a permanent horseshoe magnet, pole piecesfor the magnet provided with concave polar faces, side plates disposed on o posite sides of the magnet, a rotor journa ed in said side plates, operating between the pole pieces and disposed with its axis at right angles to a straight line between the magnet poles, and

a trifurcated core structure located above the rotor, and disposed in the space,bounded by the side plates and magnet legs, the-legs of said core structure comprismg concave extremities concentric with the faces of the ole pieces, said rotor comprising a pair of inductor elements provided w1th convex extremities adapted to co-operate with the'con cave faces of the pole pieces and core structure legs to vary the magnetic flux through the winding carried by the core structure.

13. A magneto comprising in combination with a permanent magnet, pole pieces therefor, a rotor operating between the pole pieces and a winding-carrying trifurcated core disposed above the rotor, said rotor provided with inductor elements adapted to cooperate with the pole pieces, and with the extremities of the trifurcated core structure legs to vary the magnetic flux through the winding carried by the core structure.

14. A magneto comprising in combination with a permanent magnet, pole pieces therefor, a trifurcated core structure carried in the space between the magnet legs and above said pole pieces with the legs of said core structure extending downwardly, anda rotor operating between said pole pieces and provided with inductor elements adapted'to co-operate with said pole pieces, and the trifurcated core leg extremities, to vary the said pole pieces, a core structure which comprises three substantially vertical legs, and

a cross bar which normally contacts with the 1 upper extremities of said le s, core structure side plates to which said egs are secured, a generating wmding u on the mid- "dle core leg, means for remova ly securing said core structure side pieces to said housing, and means for clamping the cross bar against the upper extremities of'said core structure legs.

.16. A magneto comprising a housing, oppositely disposed pole pieces in said housing, a magnet having its poles in contact with said pole pieces, a core structure comprising a plurality of substantially vertical legs, a cross bar which normally contacts with the upper extremities of .said legs, a generating winding inductively related to one of said core structure legs, core structure (side plates to which said legs are secured, means for removably securing'said core structure side pieces in said housing, and; means for clamping the cross bar against the upper ends. of said legs.

In witness whereof, Ihereunto subscribe my name this 27th da of December, 1920.

I ARTHU- C. KLECKNER, Witnesses:

E. M. RAY, P. G. Cnawn.

magnetic flux through the winding carried I 

